Study on the resistance to external pressure test methods of plastic inspection chambers

Author(s) : Thomas R. Kratochvilla, Raimund Eremiasch, Christoph Bruckner

In the last years effort has been made to develop and standardise new accelerated test methods to evaluate PE 100-RC materials in short times in form of test bars. The two most important developments, the cracked round bar test (CRB test) and the strain hardening test (SH test) were published as final ISO standards in...

Author(s) : Wang Zhanjie

As the largest production country, with numerous applications, China’s plastic pipe industry is developing steadily to meet the demand and needs. This paper analyzes the current situation and barriers, and proposes the breakthroughs to achieve a sustainable, stable and healthy development of China’s plastic pipe...

Author(s) : Anders Andtbacka, Frans Alferink, Peter Sejersen

The behavior of buried plastic pipes is already well described in standards and technical specifications and as well as proven in real life conditions. Plastics pipes in diameters up to around 400 mm are already in use for more than 60 years and pipes with larger diameters for more than 20 years now. All with good...

Author(s) : Mario Messiha, Andreas Frank, Isabelle J. Berger, Jan Heimink, Hermann van Laak, Florian Arbeiter, Gerald Pinter

Since the last decade polyamide 12 (PA12) has been successfully introduced as material for SDR 11 gas piping systems up to 18 bar, representing itself as an attractive alternative to steel pipes for high-pressure applications. Practical experience has confirmed that beside the higher strength, PA12 pipe grades also...

Author(s) : HU Fa, LI Yue, GAO Yuanjie, ZHE Dongmei, WEI Ruoqi

This paper expounds the development status of composite insulating pipe in the heating and chemical fields from the aspects of materials, structure and application. Combined with the relevant standards and technical requirements, the performance advantages and the key evaluation methods such as axial shear strength,...

Author(s) : Suleyman Deveci, Birkan Eryigit, Senthil K. Kaliappan

The effect of eccentricity on the failure time of pipes under hydrostatic pressure test has a significant magnitude that it can easily mislead the evaluation of pipes according to requirement of ISO 4427-2. Therefore, authors propose a maximum relative eccentricity limit of 0.015, even lower, for pipes being tested...

Author(s) : Carlos Domínguez, Álvaro Pérez, Nuria Robledo, Cristina González, Beatriz Paredes, Rafael A. García-Muñoz

Last methodologies for fast evaluation of the SCG resistance on polyethylene pipe materials are analyzed in this work and compared with traditional PENT and FNCT tests. Strain Hardening (SH), Crack Round Bar (CRB) and Accelerated Creep Test (ACT) will be good alternatives for evaluating PE100RC resins. Moreover, SH...

Author(s) : Christian Schalich

This paper introduces a new technology based on millimeter waves. It provides a noncontact, non-destructive, online measurement of inner and outer diameter, ovality, wall thicknesses, and sagging (sagging of the melt during solidification at a too high viscosity) of large plastic pipes during the extrusion...

Author(s) : Bülent Kuzkaya

Spiral wound pipes are becoming more and more important in larger diameter HDPE pipe production technology. The spiral wound structured wall pipes with profiles are already well known and used for several low or non-pressure pipe applications. This paper shows that spiral wound pressure pipes can fulfill the...

Author(s) : Richard St-Aubin, Dr. Thomas O’Rourke, Dr. Brad Wham, Blake Berger

Molecularly oriented polyvinyl chloride (PVC-O) pipe has been found to withstand large ground deformation during seismic events without damage. The properties of PVC-O pipe that support this performance have been investigated in a multi-year testing program undertaken at the Geotechnical Lifelines Large Scale Testing...

Author(s) : Pavel Hutar, Jan Poduska, Pavol Dlhy, Andreas Frank, Jaroslav Kucera, Jiri Sadilek, Gerald Pinter, Lubos Nahlik

This paper investigates possible use of recycled material as a part of a multilayer polyethylene pressure pipe system. Crack propagation in different configurations is simulated. Lifetimes of pipes containing recycled material are calculated. Results are compared with lifetimes of pipes made of virgin...

Author(s) : Peter Verlaan

Ten years ago, The European Plastic Pipes and Fittings Association (TEPPFA) has taken the initiative to prepare a draft 'Standard for Infiltration units' based on existing national specifications, at that time (in particular) available in France, Germany, United Kingdom and the Netherlands. This draft 'Standard for...

Author(s) : Dr. Love Pallon, Dr. Karin Jacobsson, Daniel Ejdeholm, Marie Allvar, Rikard Kärrbrant

This work presents the development of the Full Length Tensile Test (FLTT), a method that enables an objective judgement of welding quality of electrofusion welds by measuring the energy to break (J/mm2 ). In this way a brittle, ductile and transitional mode failure can be differentiated without subjective visual...

Author(s) : K. Moita

East Bay Municipal Utility District (District) provides water and wastewater services to the eastern region of the San Francisco Bay Area in California. The District’s potable water system serves approximately 1.4 million customers in a 332-square-mile area that spans portions of Alameda and Contra Costa Counties. The...

Author(s) : Hirofumi Kyutoku, Kazuhisa Igawa, Hidekazu Honma, Sakiko Fukunishi, Hiroyuki Nishimura

There are mainly two grades of polyethylene pipes for hot water supply and heating. The excellent molecular structure polyethylene resins having resistance to stress crack growth are used because hot water is flowed for a long time in both polyethylene pipes. Furthermore, various additives are mixed to prevent the...

Author(s) : E.J.W. van der Stok

The effect of eleven different test parameters on the strain hardening modulus was investigated using the Design of Experiments statistical method. The changes in strain hardening modulus due to temperature, tensile drawing speed and the cooling rate after annealing were assessed. The importance of taking account of...

Author(s) : Julian West

Until the late 1950’s, water and sewerage pipe lines used predominantly rigid joints. These were often made from tarred rope and cement mortar. The introduction of ‘flexible’ elastomeric joints allowed angular deflection, transverse shear load and localized pipe deformation without leakage or failure of the joint....

Author(s) : C.B. Dandekar

Plastic Corrugated Piping System (PCPS) was introduced in India in 2001, much later than the western world started using it for various applications. It received a mixed response from the Govt. Agencies, but was well accepted by the market, actual users and standardizing institutions. PCPS finds applications in...

Author(s) : Nick Mark, Eric Bridgstock, David Carey

An insight into a unique approach to the management of electrofusion and butt fusion joint quality on polyethylene pipelines. The presentation will reference experience and learnings from a system that has already been used in the field to great effect (see Abstract) and a new approach to butt fusion (see enclosed...

Author(s) : René Hermkens, Ernst van der Stok, Johannes de Bruin, Jeroen Weller

The replacement of fossil fuels like natural gas by sustainable gases such as biogas and hydrogen can mitigate global warming. There has been some debate about the impact of sustainable gases on the materials used in the gas grid. An extensive study of the behaviour of PE, PVC, POM and rubber materials was therefore...